From Far-Right Meme to Anti-ICE Icon: The Surprising Story of the Amphibian

This revolution won't be televised, yet it might possess webbed feet and large eyes.

It also might feature a unicorn's horn or the plumage of a chicken.

Whilst demonstrations opposing the administration continue in US cities, protesters have embraced the energy of a community costume parade. They have taught salsa lessons, handed out treats, and ridden unicycles, as police observe.

Mixing comedy and politics – an approach researchers term "tactical frivolity" – has historical precedent. Yet it has transformed into a hallmark of US demonstrations in this period, used by all sides of the political spectrum.

A specific icon has proven to be notably significant – the frog. It began after recordings of an encounter between an individual in an amphibian costume and federal officers in Portland, Oregon, became an internet sensation. It subsequently appeared to rallies throughout the United States.

"There's a lot at play with that humble blow-up amphibian," notes LM Bogad, who teaches at UC Davis and an academic who focuses on creative activism.

From the Pepe Meme to Portland

It is difficult to talk about demonstrations and amphibians without talking about Pepe, a cartoon character adopted by extremist movements throughout a political race.

Initially, when the meme first took off online, it was used to signal certain emotions. Subsequently, its use evolved to endorse a political figure, including one notable meme endorsed by the candidate personally, showing Pepe with a signature suit and hair.

The frog was also portrayed in certain internet forums in darker contexts, portrayed as a historical dictator. Participants exchanged "unique frog images" and established cryptocurrency in his name. His catchphrase, "that feels good", became an inside joke.

But its beginnings were not so controversial.

Matt Furie, the illustrator, has been vocal about his disapproval for its appropriation. His creation was meant as simply a "chill frog-dude" in his comic world.

This character first appeared in an online comic in 2005 – apolitical and notable for a particular bathroom habit. In 'Feels Good Man', which documents the creator's attempt to take back of his work, he said the character came from his time with friends and roommates.

As he started out, Mr Furie tried uploading his work to the nascent social web, where people online began to borrow, remix and reinvent his character. As its popularity grew into fringe areas of the internet, the creator attempted to distance himself from the frog, even killing him off in a comic strip.

Yet the frog persisted.

"It proves that creators cannot own symbols," states the professor. "They transform and be reclaimed."

For a long time, the notoriety of this meme meant that amphibian imagery were predominantly linked to conservative politics. This shifted in early October, when a confrontation between a protestor wearing an inflatable frog costume and an immigration officer in Portland, Oregon went viral.

This incident followed a directive to send the National Guard to Portland, which was called "a warzone". Protesters began to congregate on a single block, just outside of an ICE office.

Tensions were high and an agent sprayed a chemical agent at the individual, aiming directly into the air intake fan of the costume.

The individual, the man in the costume, responded with a joke, remarking he had tasted "spicier tamales". But the incident became a sensation.

The frog suit fit right in for Portland, known for its quirky culture and left-wing protests that embrace the unusual – outdoor exercise, retro fitness classes, and nude cycling groups. The city's unofficial motto is "Embrace the Strange."

This symbol even played a role in a lawsuit between the administration and the city, which contended the use of troops was illegal.

Although a judge decided in October that the administration had the right to send personnel, one judge dissented, noting in her opinion the protesters' "well-known penchant for using unusual attire while voicing opposition."

"It is easy to see the majority's ruling, which adopts the government's characterization as a battlefield, as merely absurd," Judge Susan Graber opined. "But today's decision is not merely absurd."

The action was halted by courts soon after, and troops withdrew from the city.

However, by that time, the frog was now a potent anti-administration symbol for the left.

This symbol was spotted across the country at No Kings protests last autumn. Amphibian costumes were present – and unicorns and axolotls and dinosaurs – in San Diego and Atlanta and Boston. They appeared in small towns and big international cities abroad.

This item was in high demand on major websites, and saw its cost increase.

Mastering the Optics

The link between Pepe and the protest frog – is the interplay between the silly, innocent image and a deeper political meaning. This concept is "tactical frivolity."

The strategy rests on what the professor terms a "disarming display" – usually humorous, it acts as a "disarming and charming" performance that highlights your ideas without needing explicitly stating them. This is the silly outfit used, or the meme circulated.

Mr Bogad is an analyst on this topic and someone who uses these tactics. He authored a text on the subject, and taught workshops around the world.

"One can look back to historical periods – when people are dominated, they use absurdity to express dissent a little bit and while maintaining a layer of protection."

The idea of such tactics is multi-faceted, Mr Bogad says.

When activists confront a powerful opposition, a silly costume {takes control of|seizes|influences

Rebecca Peters
Rebecca Peters

Tech enthusiast and writer with a passion for exploring how emerging technologies shape our future.